5/19/2023 0 Comments Apartheid by Brian Lapping![]() ![]() ![]() Mahmood Mamdani, “Settler Colonialism: Then and Now,” Critical Inquiry 41, no. According to Mahmood Mamdani, when the Natives Land Act was passed in 1913, 87 percent of South African land was designated for whites and the remaining 13 percent broken up into tribal Bantustan homelands for the African population. Furthermore, Bantustans served to strip away Black citizenship in white South Africa, where Africans had to carry passports as migrant laborers. The Bantustan system, designed according to a “divide and rule” policy, separated Africans according to their “tribal” ethnicity. ![]() The Ciskei, like all other Bantustans, was a “tribal” reserve in which Xhosa-speaking Black people were confined. During the apartheid era, it was a part of the Ciskei Bantustan homelands located outside the South African apartheid nation state. ![]() 1 Peddie is a region in the Eastern Cape province. Gladys Mgudlandlu (1917–1979) was born in rural Peddie, South Africa. Her name suggests that her path into the world of image-making was preordained through Xhosa naming practices. Gladys Mgudlandlu’s Xhosa name, given to her at birth was Nomfanekiso, which in English, extraordinarily, means a picture of a person. ![]()
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